As a demonstration of its suitability for practical applications, our transparent electrode was successfully tested in a flexible touch screen panel. Such outstanding properties are attributed to the unique substrate-embedded 3D structure of the electrode, which can be obtained with a high aspect ratio and in high resolution over large areas with a simple process. This structure satisfies most of the essential requirements of transparent electrodes for practical applications in future opto-electronics: excellent optoelectronic performance (a sheet resistance of 9.8 Ω □ −1 with a transmittance of 85.2%), high stretchability (no significant change in resistance for applied strains <15%), a sub-micrometer mesh period, a flat surface (a root mean square roughness of approximately 5 nm), no haze (approximately 0.5%), and strong adhesion to polymer substrates (it survives attempted detachment with 3M Scotch tape). Here, we present a new substrate-embedded tall (∼350 nm) and thin (∼30 nm) three-dimensional (3D) metal grid mesh structure with a large area, which is prepared via secondary sputtering. In spite of recent progress in this field, existing approaches to prepare transparent electrodes do not satisfy all of their essential requirements. 2011 118:1459.The development of a practical alternative to indium tin oxide (ITO) is one of the most important issues in flexible optoelectronics. 513: vaginal placement of synthetic mesh for pelvic organ prolapse. Adoption of new mesh products and devices only with clinical long-term data demonstrating equal or improved safety and efficacy compared with existing products and devices.īe Selective When Using Surgical Mesh Transvaginally for Pelvic Organ Prolapse, FDA Warns Short-Term Versus Long-Term Catheterization After Vaginal Prolapse Surgery: Which Is Better?Ĭommittee opinion no.
Rigorous comparative effectiveness trials of synthetic mesh and native tissue repair and long-term follow-up.Surgeon training for vaginal mesh placement specific to each device, including surgical experience with reconstructive surgery and thorough understanding of pelvic anatomy.Outcome reporting for prolapsed surgical techniques defining success, complications, and total reoperation rates.Continued audit and review of outcomes and the creation of a surveillance registry for all current and future vaginal mesh implants.
The specific recommendations of The College and AUGS for use of vaginal mesh include the following 1: 1 The College and the AUGS also state that there is an urgent need for development of a national registry to track outcomes for all current and future patients who receive vaginal mesh implants. In further response to the Safety Communication issued by the FDA in July 2011 regarding the use of vaginal mesh, the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (The College) and the American Urogynecologic Society (AUGS) jointly state that the use of vaginal placement of synthetic mesh for the treatment of pelvic organ prolapse (POP) should be reserved for high-risk women for whom the benefits may outweigh the risks.